Determination of factors related to the development of palatin fistles after a palatoplasty (in Spanish)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. Palatal fistulas are one of the most frequent post-palatoplasty complications with high morbidity that involves insufficient speech and psychosocial problems. OBJECTIVE. Determine the risk factors associated with the development of palatal fistula. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Analytical, retrospective study of cases and controls. From a population of 334 Medical Records data, a sample of 89 was taken from the Plastic and Reconstructive Unit of the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialty Hospital from January 2010 to July 2019. Inclusion criteria: Patients with cleft palate repaired by palatoplasty in the period mentioned. Exclusion Criteria: patients without good postsurgical follow-up and with a cleft palate without surgical repair. The data were obtained from the AS400 system, the analysis was performed using the International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 25 statistical program. RESULTS: The use of presurgical orthopedics (OR: 0.014, p: 0.000) and breast milk feeding (OR: 0.033, p: 0.003) were protective factors. DISCUSSION. According to Rodríguez ED, et al., pre-surgical orthopedist is the best molding option in patients with wide clefts for the approximation of the cleft bone segments, a result that agrees with this study, another significant protective factor found in the research was breastfeeding exclusive data that coincides with López YD where he mentioned that exclusive breastfeeding produced greater stimulation for the fusion of the palatine ridges, although it was not statistically significant in that study. CONCLUSION. Statistically significant protective factors were the use of presurgical orthopedics and breast milk feeding.